Fonte: El Periplo Sustentable; Núm. 44 (2023): Número Cuarenta y cuatro; 317 - 337
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Resumo: In Mexico, the tourism sector constitutes the nucleus of economic activity in different regions; in 2019, an occupancy rate of 7.7% was registered with respect to the total of the Economically Active Population (EAP). In the states of Quintana Roo, Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Guerrero; occupancy percentages of between 10% and 20% are recorded with respect to its total PEA. The present work is part of a study referring to the spatial analysis of employment in the tourism sector, in this sense, the structure and recent dynamics of employment in the accommodation services and food and beverage preparation of the main tourist centers of Mexico. Based on the National Occupation and Employment Survey (ENOE) from 2005 to 2019, the 2019 Economic Census and per capita labor income deflated with the value of the food basket, an approximation was made to the current situation and trends in conditions to which the workers inserted in this activity face. The records showed evidence of a drop in the income level of the population, with effects on formal employment, feminization of the sector and polarization of tourist regions. Showing statistical evidence to affirm that the states of Baja California Sur and Quintana Roo have the highest levels of average monthly per capita labor income, compared to the states of Nayarit and Guerrero. This highlights the great asymmetries of the federal government and state governments in the diffusion, investment and tourism promotion of the different destinations, providing evidence to the current debate on the precariousness and abandonment in which the employees and providers of tourist services have been immersed in Mexico from the health contingency caused by COVID-19.
